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The Verdict Is In: Eating Quickly
Really Does Make You Eat More
According to a new study accepted for publication in The Endocrine
Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM),
eating a meal quickly, as compared to slowly, curtails the release
of hormones in the gut that induce feelings of being full. The
decreased release of these hormones, can often lead to overeating.
"Most of us have heard that eating fast can lead to food
overconsumption and obesity, and in fact some observational studies
have supported this notion," said Alexander Kokkinos, MD,
PhD, of Laiko General Hospital in Athens Greece and lead author
of the study. "Our study provides a possible explanation
for the relationship between speed eating and overeating by showing
that the rate at which someone eats may impact the release of
gut hormones that signal the brain to stop eating."
In the last few years, research regarding gut hormones, such
as peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), has shown
that their release after a meal acts on the brain and induces
satiety and meal termination. Until now, concentrations of appetite-regulating
hormones have not been examined in the context of different rates
of eating.
In this study, subjects consumed the same test meal, 300ml of
ice-cream, at different rates. Researchers took blood samples
for the measurement of glucose, insulin, plasma lipids and gut
hormones before the meal and at 30 minute intervals after the
beginning of eating, until the end of the session, 210 minutes
later. Researchers found that subjects who took the full 30 minutes
to finish the ice cream had higher concentrations of PYY and GLP-1
and also tended to have a higher fullness rating.
"Our findings give some insight into an aspect of modern-day
food overconsumption, namely the fact that many people, pressed
by demanding working and living conditions, eat faster and in
greater amounts than in the past," said Kokkinos. "The
warning we were given as children that 'wolfing down your food
will make you fat,' may in fact have a physiological explanation."
Other researchers working on the study include Kleopatra Alexiadou,
Nicholas Tentolouris, Despoina Kyriaki, Despoina Perrea and Nicholas
Katsilambros of Athens University Medical School in Greece; and
Carel le Roux, Royce Vincent, Mohammad Ghatei and Stephen Bloom
of Imperial College in London, United Kingdom.
Reference
Source 128
November 4, 2009
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