Smoking large amounts of
cannabis for therapeutic reasons may increase rather than reduce
pain, a US study suggests.
The pain-relieving qualities of cannabis have long been hailed,
and several countries have made it available for medicinal purposes.
But quantity is key, according to the study in the journal
Anesthesiology.
University of California researchers found moderate use
had the greatest impact on pain in 15 volunteers, while large
doses actually made pain worse.
The team recruited 15 healthy volunteers, in whom pain was
induced by injecting capsaicin - the "hot" chemical found
in chilli peppers - under their skin.
They were then given cannabis to smoke. The strength of
the dose was determined by the tetrahydrocannabinol content,
which is the main active chemical in cannabis.
Some of the volunteers were given a placebo.
High, but in pain
Five minutes after smoking the drug, none of the doses had
any effect on the pain felt.
But 45 minutes later, those who had smoked the moderate
dose said their pain was much better, while those who consumed
high doses said it had got worse.
They did, however, feel "higher" than counterparts who had
taken moderate doses.
Dr Mark Wallace, the lead researcher, said the findings
could have implications for the way medicinal cannabis was
offered, both in pure and drug form.
Some experts are concerned that results on healthy volunteers
could not be translated into how cannabis works in the bodies
of those with cancer or multiple sclerosis, for whom the drug
is increasingly seen as a potential form of pain relief.
Dr Laura Bell, of the MS Society, said: "Many people with
MS report benefits to symptoms such as pain from taking cannabis,
however studies to date on the effects of cannabis on pain
are small and difficult to draw firm conclusions from.
