AIDS Threatens World's Adolescents

Young people are increasingly responsible for the spread of HIV/AIDS around the world because of poverty and a severe lack of information and prevention services, says the United Nations.

Every 14 seconds a person between 15 and 24 is infected with the virus. They now account for one-half all new cases of the disease, the UN Population Fund said in its annual State of the World's Population report. "We will have a global catastrophe if we ignore young people and ignore their needs," Thoraya Obaid, the agency's executive director, told a news conference in London.

The Making 1 Billion Count report cautions there is now the biggest generation of adolescents in history - 1.2 billion of the world's 6.3 billion population are between 10 and 19 - and many are facing deadly diseases, unwanted pregnancy and poverty.

HIV/AIDS has emerged as one of the greatest threats. Aside from the high infection rate, the epidemic also has orphaned 13 million children under age 15, the report said.

If those trends continue, the next generation of adults will face greater poverty and stunted economic progress, the report said.

The report estimates the economic benefit of a single averted HIV/AIDS infection is $34,600 US for a poor country - and the social benefits are even greater.

It called for more investment in youth-friendly services, family planning and education programs to help young people with reproductive health issues.

"This is a huge opportunity. It is a one-time opportunity that will not occur again," said Alex Marshall, an author of the report.

Poverty is a factor in the spread of HIV, the report said, because some poor girls exchange sex for money for school fees or to help their families, placing them at risk of infection.

Discussing sexual behaviour is taboo in many countries, so many young people do not know how to protect themselves. In Somalia, the report said, just 26 per cent of adolescent girls have heard of AIDS and only one per cent know how to protect themselves.

Obaid said she doesn't believe educating youngsters about safe sex will make them more sexually active.

"I would like to stress that giving young people this information is safe, it doesn't lead to promiscuous behavior, as some people say," she said.

"On the contrary, it empowers young people to take positive action in their lives and may save their lives as well."

Obaid said the UN agency's core message is ABC - abstaining from sexual activity, being faithful to one partner and the correct use of condoms.

In sub-Saharan Africa, which has the most cases of HIV/AIDS among youths, about 8.6 million have HIV/AIDS - two-thirds of them female. In South Asia, 1.1 millions youths are infected - 62 per cent of them female.

The rate of new infections also is growing rapidly in countries like India and Russia, Marshall said.

Reference Source 114

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